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Facts at Your Fingertips
Facts at Your Fingertips
ANSI Z49.1, Safety Sheets, Guidance & Literature Documents
Building a strong foundation of safety knowledge starts with access to reliable resources. That's why the American Welding Society provides these resources at no cost to help advance understanding of occupational health, environmental effects, and safe practices across welding and allied processes.
Considerations About Handheld Laser Beam Welding (HLBW)
This publication addresses various aspects of HLBW, the current state of the art, safety, quality considerations, and qualifications.
The purpose of this document is to present general recommendations and best practice examples for laser safety, education, qualification, and metallurgical considerations related to HLBW. This document has been created by experts and is supported by IIW, EWF, EWA and AWS.
Find your resource here
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Z49.1
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Fact Sheets
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Guidance
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Literature
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All Other Forms
AWS/ANSI Z49.1:2021. Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
This standard covers all aspects of safety and health in the welding environment. It contains information on protection of personnel and the general area, ventilation, fire prevention and protection, and confined spaces.
DOWNLOADAWS/ANSI Z49.1:2012. Seguridad de los Preceos de Soldadura, Corte, y Afines (Spanish)
Esta norma incluye todos los aspectos de la seguridad y la salud en el ambiente de soldadura. Contiene información sobre la protección del personal y el área general, ventilación, prevención y protección contra incendios y espacios confinados.
DESCARGARAWS believes that everyone should readily obtain safety and health information and as such provides the information for free.
4. Chromium and Nickel in Welding Fume
6. Fire and Explosion Prevention
13. Ergonomics in the Welding Environment
14. Graphic Symbols for Precautionary Labels
15. Style Guidelines for Safety and Health Documents
16. Implantable Medical Devices and Electric Welding/Cutting
17. Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF) in Welding
19. Laser Welding and Cutting Safety
22. Cadmium Exposure from Welding and Allied Processes
24. Fluxes for Arc Welding and Brazing: Safe Handling and Use
27. Thoriated Tungsten Electrodes
28. Oxyfuel Safety: Check Valves and Flashback Arrestors
29. Grounding of Portable and Vehicle Mounted Welding Generators
30. Cylinders: Safe Storage, Handling, and Use
31. Eye and Face Protection for Welding and Cutting Operations
32. GHS – and Hazard Communications for the Welder
33. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Welding and Cutting
34. Coated Steels: Welding and Cutting Safety Concerns
35. Welding Safety in Education and Schools
36. Ventilation for Welding and Cutting
37. Selecting Gloves for Welding and Cutting
38. Respiratory Protection Basics for Welding Operations
40. Asbestos Hazards Encountered in the Welding and Cutting Environment
41. Combustible Dust Hazards in the Welding and Cutting Environment
42. Ultraviolet Reflectance by Paint
44. Occupational Exposure Limits - What Welders Should Know
Considerations about Handheld Laser Beam Welding (HLBW)
This publication provides expert guidance on Handheld Laser Beam Welding (HLBW), covering safety, quality, education, qualification, and metallurgical considerations. It offers general recommendations and best practices supported by IIW, EWF, EWA, and AWS.
READ DOCUMENTIARC Evaluation
AWS commissioned independent reviews of the IARC’s 2018 reclassification of welding fumes as carcinogenic. AWS recommends following ANSI Z49.1 and all applicable manufacturer safety guidance, including SDSs and product instructions.
READ DOCUMENTDuke Study on Manganese
Does scientific and medical literature support concerns that some have expressed about exposure on manganese in welding fume?
READ DOCUMENTIIW Statement on Manganese
AWS as a sponsor body of the American Council of IIW, has received the following statement on Manganese.
READ DOCUMENT|
EFFECTS OF WELDING ON HEALTH |
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Effects of Welding on Health, Index I through XIV |
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Effects of Welding on Health – I |
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Effects of Welding on Health – II |
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Effects of Welding on Health – III |
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Effects of Welding on Health – IV |
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Effects of Welding on Health – V |
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Effects of Welding on Health – VI |
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Effects of Welding on Health – VII |
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Effects of Welding on Health – VIII |
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Effects of Welding on Health – IX |
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Effects of Welding on Health – X |
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Effects of Welding on Health – XI |
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Effects of Welding on Health – XII |
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Effects of Welding on Health – XIII |
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Effects of Welding on Health – XIV |
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| Effects of Welding on Health 2010 - 2012 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2013 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2014 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2015 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2016 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2017 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2018 - 2019 | DOWNLOAD |
| Effects of Welding on Health 2019 - 2020 | DOWNLOAD |
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AWS D16.4M/D16.4:2015 SPECIFICATION FOR THE QUALIFICATION OF ROBOTIC ARC WELDING PERSONNEL |
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QC1:2016-AMD1, Specification for AWS Certification of Welding Inspectors |
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AWS QC4-89, STANDARD FOR ACCREDITATION OF TEST FACILITIES FOR AWS CERTIFIED WELDER PROGRAM |
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AWS QC5-91, STANDARD FOR CERTIFICATION OF WELDING EDUCATORS |
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AWS QC7-93, STANDARD FOR AWS CERTIFIED WELDERS |
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AWS QC7-93, SUPPLEMENT C, WELDER PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION SHEET METAL TEST REQUIREMENTS |
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QC7-93, Supplement F, Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping |
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QC7-93, Supplement G, AWS Performance Qualification Test |
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AWS QC10-2017, SPECIFICATION FOR QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF LEVEL I–ENTRY WELDERS |
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AWS QC11-2017, SPECIFICATION FOR QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF SENSE LEVEL II—ADVANCED WELDERS |
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AWS QC13:2006, SPECIFICATION FOR THE CERTIFICATION OF WELDING SUPERVISORS |
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AWS QC14:2009, SPECIFICATION FOR THE CERTIFICATION OF WELDING SALES REPRESENTATIVES |
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AWS QC15:2008-AMD1, SPECIFICATION FOR THE CERTIFICATION OF RADIOGRAPHIC INTERPRETERS |
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AWS QC17:2015, STANDARD FOR ACCREDITATION OF WELDING FABRICATORS FOR AWS CERTIFIED WELDING FABRICATOR PROGRAM |
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AWS QC19:2002, STANDARD FOR THE AWS CERTIFICATION OF ROBOTIC ARC WELDING PERSONNEL (2nd Printing, April 2009) |
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ALL OTHER FORMS |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025 - ANNEX J FORMS |
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Sample PQR Form – GTAW & SMAW |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2020 - ANNEX J FORMS |
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Sample PQR Form – SAW |
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Sample PQR Form – GTAW & SMAW |
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Sample WPS Form – GTAW & SMAW |
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Sample WPS Form – Qualification Test Record for Electroslag and Electrogas Welding |
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Sample Welder Qualification Form (Single-Process) |
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Sample Welder Qualification Form (Multi-Process) |
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Sample Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds Form |
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Sample Report of Magnetic-Particle Examination of Welds Form |
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Stud Welding Application Qualification Test, Pre-Production Test, PQR, or WQR Form |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M1 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION RECORD (PQR) FORMS |
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Sample PQR Form – SAW |
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Sample PQR Form – GTAW & SMAW |
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Sample WPS Form – GMAW & FCAW |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M2 WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS) FORMS |
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Sample PQR Form – SAW |
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Sample PQR Form – GTAW & SMAW |
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Sample WPS Form – GMAW & FCAW |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M3 WPS QUALIFICATION TEST RECORD FOR ELECTROSLAG AND ELECTROGAS WELDING |
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Sample WPS Qualification Test Record for Electroslag and Electrogas Welding Form |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M4 WELDER, WELDING OPERATOR, OR TACK WELDER PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION TEST RECORD (Single-Process) FORM |
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Sample Welder Qualification Form (Single-Process) |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M5 WELDER, WELDING OPERATOR, OR TACK WELDER PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION TEST RECORD (Multi-Process) FORM |
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Sample Welder Qualification Form (Multi-Process) |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M6 REPORT OF RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF WELDS |
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Sample Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds Form |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M7 REPORT OF MAGNETIC-PARTICLE EXAMINATION OF WELDS |
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Sample Report of Magnetic-Particle Examination of Welds Form |
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015 - M8 STUD WELDING APPLICATION QUALIFICATION TEST, PRE-PRODUCTION TEST, PQR, or WQR FORM |
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Stud Welding Application Qualification Test, Pre-Production Test, PQR, or WQR Form |
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AWS D1.2/D1.2M:2014 – STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE - ALUMINUM |
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Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) - Form E(a) |
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Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) - Form E(b) |
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Manufacturer's Record Qualification Tests of Welder Or Welding Operator or Tack Welder - Form E(c) |
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Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Stud Welding Applications - Form E(d) |
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Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) for Stud Welding Applications - Form E(e) |
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Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds - Form F(a) |
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Report of Visual and Penetrant Examination - Form F(b) |
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AWS D1.3/D1.3M:2018 – STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE - SHEET STEEL |
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Sample Form for Welding Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Sample Form for Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Sample Form for Welder and Welding Operator Performance Qualification Test Record (WPQR) |
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AWS D1.4/D1.4M:2018-AMD1 – STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE - STEEL REINFORCING BARS |
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Sample Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) Form |
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Sample Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) Form |
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Sample Welder Qualification Test Record |
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AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2025 – BRIDGE WELDING CODE |
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Form N-1 – Certificate of Conformance to Requirements for Welding Electrodes |
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Form N-2 – Sample Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Form N-3 – Sample Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Form N-4 – Sample Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) Worksheet |
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Form N-5 – Sample Fillet Weld Soundness Test |
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Form N-6 – Sample Welder and Welding Operator Qualification Record |
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Form N-7 – Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds |
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Form N-8 – Report of Magnetic Particle Examination of Welds |
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Form N-9 – ESW-NG Procedure Qualification Record |
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Form N-10 – ESW-NG Welding Procedure Specification |
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AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2020 – BRIDGE WELDING CODE |
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Form N-1 – Certificate of Conformance to Requirements for Welding Electrodes |
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Form N-2 – Sample Welding Procedure Specification |
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Form N-3 – Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) for Qualification, Pretest, and Verification Results |
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Form N-4 – Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) Worksheet |
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Form N-5 – Welder and Welding Operator Qualification Record |
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Form N-6 – Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds |
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Form N-7 – Report of Magnetic Particle Examination of Welds |
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Form N-8 – ESW-NG Procedure Qualification Record |
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Form N-9 – ESW-NG Welding Procedure Specification |
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AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017-AMD1 – STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE-STAINLESS STEEL |
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Annex H - Form H-1 – Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) or Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Annex H - Form H-2 – Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) Test Results |
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Annex H - Form H-3 – Welder and Welding Operator Qualification Test Record |
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Annex H - Form H-4 – Stud Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Annex H - Form H-4 – Stud Welding Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Annex H - Form H-4 – Stud Welding Operator Performance Qualification Record |
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Annex H - Form H-4 – Preproduction Testing Form |
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Annex J - Form J-1 – Ultrasonic Unit Certification |
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AWS D1.9/D1.9M:2015 – STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE-TITANIUM |
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Annex A - Titanium Armor Welding Data Sheet #1 - Welded Armor Data |
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Annex A - Titanium Armor Welding Data Sheet #2 - Armor Plate Data |
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Annex A - Titanium Armor Welding Data Sheet #3 - Weld Radiographic Report |
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Annex D - Form D-1 - Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) Qualified by Testing or Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Annex D - Form D-2 - Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) Test Results |
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Annex D - Form D-3 - Welder, Welding Operator, or Tack Welder Qualification Test Record |
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Annex D - Form D-4 - Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds |
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Annex D - Form D-5 - Report of Penetrant Examination of Welds |
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AWS D14.1/D14.1M:2005-AMD1 – SPECIFICATION FOR WELDING OF INDUSTRIAL AND MILL CRANES AND OTHER MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT |
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Sample Form E 1 - Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) or Procedure Qualification Records (PQR) |
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Sample Form E 5 - Report of Magnetic-Particle Examination of Welds |
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Sample Form E 6 - Report of Ultrasonic Testing of Welds |
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Sample Form E 7 - Liquid Penetrant Inspection Report |
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AWS D15.1/D15.1M:2019 – RAILROAD WELDING SPECIFICATION FOR CARS AND LOCOMOTIVES |
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Prequalified Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Test Qualified Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Welder and Welding Operator Qualification Record |
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Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds |
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Report of Magnetic Particle Examination of Welds |
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Sample Form for Welding Procedure Qualification Test Record (PQR) (For Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel Sheet Metal) |
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Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) (For Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys) |
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Sample Form for Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Sample Form for Welder and Welding Operator Qualification Test Record (For Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel Sheet Metal) |
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Manufacturer's Record Qualification Tests of Welder or Welding Operator or Tack Welder |
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Report of Radiographic Examination of Welds |
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Report of Visual and Dye-Penetrant Examination |
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AWS D17.1/D17.1M:2017 SPECIFICATION FOR FUSION WELDING FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS |
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Sample Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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Sample Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Sample Procedure Qualification Test Record (PQTR) |
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| OTHER AWS FORMS | |
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AWS QC1:2016-AMD1, Specification for AWS Certification of Welding Inspectors |
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AWS QC4-89, Standard for Accreditation of Test Facilities for AWS Certified Welder Program |
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AWS QC5-91, Standard for Certification of Welding Educators |
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AWS QC7-93, Standard for AWS Certified Welders |
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AWS QC7-93, Supplement C, Welder Performance Qualification Sheet Metal Test Requirements |
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QC7-93, Supplement F, Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping |
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QC7-93, Supplement G, AWS Performance Qualification Test |
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AWS QC10-2017, Specification for Qualification and Certification of Level I – Entry Welders |
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AWS QC11-2017, Specification for Qualification and Certification of SENSE Level II – Advanced Welders |
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AWS QC13:2006, Specification for the Certification of Welding Supervisors |
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AWS QC14:2009, Specification for the Certification of Welding Sales Representatives |
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AWS QC15:2008-AMD1, Specification for the Certification of Radiographic Interpreters |
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AWS QC17:2015, Specification for AWS Accreditation of Certified Welding Fabricators |
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AWS QC19:2002, Standard for the AWS Certification of Robotic Arc Welding Personnel (2nd Printing, April 2009) |
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AWS QC20:2020, Specification for AWS Certification of Resistance Welding Technicians |
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AWS B2.1/B2.1M-BMG:2021 Base Metal Grouping for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification |
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AWS B2.1/B2.1M:2014-AMD1 Performance Qualification Test Record (SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, FCAW, SAW, OFW, PAW) |
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AWS B2.1/B2.1M:2014-AMD1 Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) for SAW, SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, FCAW |
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AWS B2.1/B2.1M:2014-AMD1 Stud WPS or PQR or WPR Form |
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AWS B2.1/B2.1M:2014-AMD1 Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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AWS B2.1/B2.1M:2014-AMD1 WPS Qualification Test Record for Electroslag and Electrogas Welding |
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AWS B5.1:2025 Specification for the Qualification of Welding Inspectors |
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AWS B5.4:2025 Specification for the Qualification of Welder Test Facilities |
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AWS B5.5:2000 Specification for the Qualification of Welding Educators |
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AWS B5.9:2006 Specification for the Qualification of Welding Supervisors |
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AWS B5.15:2010 Specification for the Qualification of Radiographic Interpreters |
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AWS B5.16:2025 Specification for the Qualification of Welding Engineering Personnel |
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AWS B5.17:2025 Specification for the Qualification of Welding Fabricators |
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AWS C7.3:2016 - Annex B - Sample WPS |
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AWS C7.3:2016 - Annex C - Sample Welding Procedure Qualification Record (WPQR) |
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AWS C7.3:2016 - Annex D - Sample Operator Process Test Record (OPQTR) |
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AWS C7.4/C7.4M:2017 - Annex A - Sample Laser Welding Equipment Qualification Record (EQR) |
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AWS C7.4/C7.4M:2017 - Annex B - Sample Welding Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
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AWS C7.4/C7.4M:2017 - Annex C - Sample Welding Operator Procedure Qualification Record (WOPQR) |
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AWS D9.1/D9.1M:2018 Sheet Metal Welding Code - Annex D, E, and F (Informative) |
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AWS D10.10/D10.10M:2021 Recommended Practices for Local Heating of Welds in Piping and Tubing - Annex G (Informative) |
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AWS D10.22/D22.10M:2021 Specification for Local Heating of Welds in Creep Strenght-Enhanced Ferritic Steels in Piping and Tubing Using Electric Resistance Heating - Annex C (Informative) |
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AWS D16.4M/D16.4:2025 Specification for the Qualification of Robotic Arc Welding Personnel |
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AWS QC47:2016-AMD2 Specification for AWS Certification of Welders and Accreditation of Test Facilities |
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Accuris Engineering Workbench (EWB) Instructions |
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Introduction to Quality Assurance in Welding |
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Other Helpful Resources
Errata, Addenda, and Amendments
On occasion, updates are made to correct errors in information, or to add supplementary essential information. Here’s where to find that info.
Welding Journal Research Supplement
Relevant research papers by the world’s foremost scientists, engineers, scholars and industry professionals.
Sections & Districts
Local sections are the heart of AWS. These local groups help to shape our advancement as a global organization and the welding industry in general.